Problem upolitycznienia khmerskiego wymiaru sprawiedliwości jako narzędzia przemocy prawnej wobec środowisk antyrządowych

• Autorzy: Paweł Soja

Warianty tytułu

The Politicisation of the Khmer Judiciary as a Means of Inflicting Legal Violence on Government Opponents

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

W 2018 r. mija dokładnie ćwierć wieku od przeprowadzenia pierwszych w historii Kambodży demokratycznych wyborów do parlamentu. Transformacja ustrojowa i związane z nią przyjęcie zasad państwa demokratycznego w miejsce ideologii komunistycznej stały się przyczynkiem do próby wdrożenia szerokiego pakietu reform, które miały objąć również gałąź judykatury. Niezawisłe sądy, jako jeden z filarów nowoczesnej państwowości, są gwarantem praworządności i utrzymania zrównoważonych relacji pomiędzy wszystkimi elementami monteskiuszowskiej koncepcji trójpodziału władzy. Leżąca u podstaw tej idei w odniesieniu do władzy sądowniczej zasada rządów prawa została w Kambodży porzucona na rzecz coraz silniejszej dominacji tamtejszych elit z ramienia Kambodżańskiej Partii Ludowej. Z czasem przejęły one kontrolę nad wymiarem sprawiedliwości, wykorzystując jego instrumenty do zwalczania działalności opozycji oraz doprowadzając w ten sposób do całkowitego upolitycznienia sądów. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie ewolucji tego procesu wraz ze wskazaniem na jego implikacje oraz identyfikację przyczyn, z powodu których w państwie doszło do wykształcenia się nowej formy opresji, jaką jest przemoc prawna.(abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

2018 marks the passage of a quarter century since the first democratic parliamentary elections were held in Cambodia. The country's political transformation and the replacement of communist ideology with democratic rule of law were accompanied by efforts to implement wide-ranging reforms that also spanned the judiciary. As one of the pillars of modern statehood, independent courts are a guarantee of lawfulness and of maintaining balanced relations between all three components of Montesquieu's separation of powers. The principle of rule of law underlying judiciary power was abandoned in Cambodia in favour of the increasing domination of elites associated with the Cambodian People's Party. They eventually took over control of the country's justice system, using legal instruments to keep the opposition down, which has led to the politicisation of courts. The article describes this process and points to its implications while seeking to identify the reasons why Cambodia has seen the emergence of a new type of oppression in the form of legal violence.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Przemiany polityczne; Sądownictwo; Niezawisłość sędziowska; Demokracja; Reforma administracji publicznej; Partie polityczne; Przemoc; System prawny; Polityka zagraniczna; Grupy nacisku

EN

Political changes; Judicature; Judge independence; Democracy; Civil service reform; Political parties; Abuse; Legal system; Foreign policy; Pressure groups

• Czasopismo: Stosunki Międzynarodowe
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: 53
• Numer: nr 4
• Strony: 193--218

Twórcy

autor

Paweł Soja

• Uniwersytet Jagielloński

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