Deficyt handlowy a konkurencyjność międzynarodowa Stanów Zjednoczonych

• Autorzy: Agnieszka Hajdukiewicz

Warianty tytułu

Foreign Trade Deficit and the Competitiveness of the U.S.A

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

W ciągu ostatniego dwudziestolecia w Stanach Zjednoczonych nastąpił wyraźny wzrost deficytu handlowego co spowodowało zmniejszenie konkurencyjności handlowej USA. Autorka podkreśla, że dążąc do ograniczania tego deficytu należy skupiać się nie tylko na środkach polityki makroekonomicznej (kurs walutowy) ale brać pod uwagę strukturalne aspekty deficytu.

EN

One of the main problems the U.S. economy has been facing for the last two dacades is the permanently large foreign trade deficit. The causes of the foreign trade deficit are business conditions and macroeconomic factors, such as budget deficit, low saving rate, dollar appreciation in the country, and slow pace of GDP growth in foreign countries. However, the most important factors are the structural conditions, and primarily the structural falling tendency noted for the U.S intwernational competitiveness. The U.S.A is losing its competitive supremacy, especially with respect to two groups of countries: 1)those which have gained ascendancy in technology, and 2)those in which labour is low-priced. To eliminate the foreign trade deficit actions regarding macroeconomic policy (fiscal, monetary, currency policy) must be taken. Inducing trade partners to give up the policy of permanent foreign trade surplus can also be effective, and first of all less expensive socially. But above all, improvement in the international competitiveness is needed, which can be effected by focusing on such aspects as a rise in the productivity of labour, elimination of trade barriers, improvement in the quality of goods, technological innovations etc. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Bilans handlowy; Konkurencyjność międzynarodowa; Badanie zależności makroekonomicznych; Polityka makroekonomiczna; Kurs walutowy

EN

Trade balance; International competitiveness; Research of macroeconomic relationships; Macroeconomic policy; Exchange rates

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Ekonomiczna w Krakowie
• Rocznik: 1999
• Numer: nr 528
• Strony: 13--21

Twórcy

autor

Agnieszka Hajdukiewicz

Bibliografia

• Blecker R.A., U.S. Trade Policy and Global Growth: New Directions in the International Economy, M.E. Sharpe Inc., New York 1996.
• Cohen S .D., Paul J.R., Blecker R.A., Fundamentals of U.S. Foreign Trade Policy: Economics, Politics and Issues, Westview Press, Washington 1996.
• Economic Report of the President, February 1988, United States Government Printing Office, Washington 1988.
• Walters R.S., Talking Trade, U.S. Policy in International Perspective, Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado 1993.