Regionalne uwarunkowania kształtowania innowacyjności w polskim przemyśle

• Autorzy: Arkadiusz Świadek

Warianty tytułu

Regional Conditions for Polish Industry's Innovativeness Research Study

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Główną hipotezą badawczą pracy jest założenie, że istnieją istotne dywergencje przestrzenne i technologiczne, inter- i intraregionalne w kształtowaniu aktywności (kultury) przemysłowej w regionach polskich, co uzasadnia imperatyw uwzględniania wspomnianych determinant w programowaniu selektywnej i zdywersyfikowanej polityki innowacyjnej - ścieżek rozwoju regionalnego. Celem badania była ocena uwarunkowań lokalizacyjnych i technologicznych dla różnej wielkości przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych na zróżnicowany poziom innowacyjności w polskich regionach. Prowadzone studia analityczne zrealizowano w trzech układach przestrzennych. Pierwszy dotyczył badania ogólnopolskiego, obejmującego 16 województw, a w ich ramach blisko 74 tyś. przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych. Kolejny opierał się na studium trzech wybranych, mających odmienną charakterystykę przestrzenną, regionów: śląskiego, dolnośląskiego, zachodniopomorskiego. W trzecim natomiast starano się wskazać szczegółowe interpretacje dla realizowanych na Pomorzu Zachodnim procesów innowacyjnych. (fragment tekstu)

EN

Joseph Schumpeter realized that innovation is a root for each economic system, main nexus of change and creative destruction. It is implemented in all enterprise' activity: marketing, production and services. In this meaning innovation concept not only accomplished research and development, technology and training, but also marketing, design, quality, finance, logistic and at last management process to connect all of this different functions. Regional approach concept in dynamics innovation theory raises thru last fifteen years. Established connection between innovation and regional development has been explain in many studies subscribes economic growth. Research in most developed countries proved, that industrialization process and its technology attributes are important determinants in creating diversified path of regional development. Current analyses show that industry concentration in agglomeration or near by them (intermediate territory), where is an access to wide and differential labour market, also exist advanced communication and transport networks, and at last is a possibility for long term contacts with local authorities, play a significant role for innovation process. In opposite peripheral area have another conditions features and implicate many obstacles to industry development. In this complex of interactions there is a question about such regularity in polish regions. Technological revolution gives from one side an infrastructure for globalize economy and from other side agglomerations and regions take especially important part for that kind economic development. Concept of regional innovation gets an extraordinary meaning in case of small and medium enterprises (SME), because they haven't other chance for global competition. Thru interregional process innovation network SME's achieved a potential for enter to international or global network. Special policy attribute on regional level is a fact, that is realized in spatial dimension, which should be consideration during the implementation process in region. Potential benefits are pronounced in knowing local specifics, but also local authorities' and institution' engagement, for which there are benefits interest from regional programs. Region and regional approach are therefore a very important foundation for economic dynamic. Although it depends on interactions and interpersonally information flows, calls regional identity, rather than geography economic. By the way the second one should be of course a part of a system too. Main hypothesis form this research was a sentence, that there are important spatial and technological divergences in creating industrial culture in polish regions, what is a sine qua non condition an imperative for include mentioned determinants in programming selective and diversified innovation polices - regional development paths. The main aim of this policy was evaluation of spatial and technological conditions, which are responsible for differences in wide meaning industry innovation in polish regions. Provided analyses were realized in three dimension. The first one was an over regional research, for 16 regions, and almost seventy four thousands industry enterprises. The second one based on a case for three chosen regions, having different specifics -Silesia, Lower Silesia and Westpomeranian. The aim of last one was to show an existing interactions in process innovation system in Westpomeranian. It should be remembered, that every regional innovation system have an unique character and that why interpretation only for one case it can't be transferred to others - exclusive condition. Presented structure for research was an effect of will for showing critical parameters innovation conditions for different regions, but also a low data quantity or continuations of many years studies in innovation area in Westpomeranian. There was a time differences for each of case in this research. Over country analyses and three region case study, were realized for 2004. Many studies for Westpomeranian was realized in dynamics - years 1997-2004. Implemented methodology also have not an universal capacity. There were used statistical technique like Pearson's interaction variation coefficient, conditional probability for phenomenon, econometrical regression model and typical described statistics. Presented methodology, although not so much sophisticated, is a first time used in polish research area in author opinion. From this point of view an new aim was established: initializing a discussion about possibility to implement quantity research technique in exploration and interpretation innovativeness in Poland. This is also a first step for using more professional methods, which need more financial founds to be accomplished. This study contains an introduction, four chapters and summary. Aim of firs chapter was showing an spatial and technological objectives responsibilities for different innovativeness level in polish regions. An implemented typology was chosen from international standards (OECD-CIS). For dependent variables it was included dates about financial founds for innovation activities, equipment in advanced production machinery (a group of five variables). It was used an absolute and percentage dimension. The second chapter contain more specific analyses for three regions: Silesia, Lower Silesia and Westpomeranian. First of them have one of most developed agglomeration with strong interactions. Second one is an example for effective affect on innovation processes. Westpomerania is a representative of weakness agglomerations region, where periphery plays significant role. Next two parts of research focus on Westpomeranian as an example for lack of vision and affect in innovation exploration industry area. It was used an eight yearlong time period. Author shown a long term trends in region to generate same advice in opportunities and threats for local innovation processes. Fourth chapter has an evaluations attribute. It was presented an important (significant) interactions between innovativeness and used selective methods for stimulating them. Collected dates allow for analyses in sources, obstacles and effects innovativeness in region. A source for all data based on three solutions: Official Statistic Office, regional statistic office in Szczecin and firms' base calls Teleadreson. Besides them there was used a many foreign literatures, which affect on final shape of this research. Author wants thanks for all persons engaged in collecting data process, what reduce time and allow for constructing this research, from over regional context to a very specifics solution in home region of Westpomeranian.(original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw; Przedsiębiorstwo przemysłowe; Przedsiębiorstwo innowacyjne; Procesy innowacyjne w przemyśle; Warunek sine qua non

EN

Enterprise innovation; Industrial enterprises; Innovative enterprises; Innovation processes in industry; Sine qua non condition

• Czasopismo: Rozprawy i Studia / Uniwersytet Szczeciński
• Rocznik: 2007
• Numer: nr 666
• Strony: 128

Twórcy

autor

Arkadiusz Świadek

Bibliografia

• Audretsch D.B.: Agglomeration and the Location of Innovative Activity. "Oxford Review of Economic Policy" 1998, Vol. 14, No 2.
• Bittnerowa E.: Zmiana uwarunkowań rozwoju małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w Wielkopolsce. Wyd. AE w Poznaniu, Poznań 1999.
• Dąbrowski J., Koładkiewicz I.: Praktyki innowacyjne polskich przedsiębiorstw. WSPiZ im. L. Koźmińskiego, Warszawa 1998.
• Działalność innowacyjna przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w latach 1998-2000. GUS, Warszawa 2002.
• Fischer M.M.: Innovation, Knowledge Creation and System of Innovation. "Annual Regional Science" 2001, No 36.
• Frenkel A.: Barriers and Limitations in the Development of Industrial Innovation in the Region. "European Planning Studies" 2003, Vol. 11, No 2.
• Harrison B.: The Geography of Innovation. The Economic Perspective. "Technology Review" 1995, No 1.
• Innowacje w rozwoju regionu. Red. W.M. Gaczek. Wyd. AE w Poznaniu, Poznań 2005.
• Janasz W, Janasz K., Prozorowicz M., Świadek A., Wiśniewska J.: Determinanty innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw. Wyd. Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Szczecin 2002.
• Jewtuchowicz A.: Terytorium i współczesne dylematy jego rozwoju. Wyd. UL, Łódź 2005.
• Munoz E., Monteras E.J.de los, Diaz V: Innovation Policy and the Concept of National Innovation System in the Spanish Context: Are they Ghost Images or Real Entities? Converge Project SOE2-CT98-2047. Strasbourg 2000.
• Nauka i technika w 2001 r. GUS, Warszawa 2003. Nauka i technika w 2004 r. GUS, Warszawa 2006.
• Nijkamp P., Poot H.J., Rouwendal J.: A Non-Linear Dynamie Model of Spatial Economic Development and R&D Policy. "The Annals of Regional Science" 1991, Vol. 25.
• Porter M.: Strategia konkurencji. PWE, Warszawa 1996.
• Simmie J., Sennett J., Wood P.: Innovation in Europe: A Tale of Networks, Knowledge and Trade in Five Cities. "Regional Studies" 2002, Vol. 36.1.
• Stawasz E.: Innowacje a mała firma. Wyd. UL, Łódź 1999.
• Świadek A.: Innowacyjność przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych regionu zachodniopomorskiego w latach J 997-2003. W: Innowacje w działalności przedsiębiorstw w procesie integracji z Unią Europejską. Red. W. Janasz. Wyd. Difin, Warszawa 2005.
• Świadek A.: Kooperacja w sieciach innowacyjnych. "Ekonomika i Organizacja Przedsiębiorstwa" 2005, nr 7.
• Świadek A.: Próba oceny ekonomicznych uwarunkowań innowacyjności przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w regionie zachodniopomorskim w łatach 1996—2000. W: Innowacje w modelach działalności przedsiębiorstw. Red. W. Janasz. Wyd. Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Szczecin 2003.
• Świadek A.: Regionalne systemy innowacyjne w Unii Europejskiej. W: Innowacje w działalności przedsiębiorstw w integracji z Unią Europejską. Red. W. Janasz. Wyd. Difin, Warszawa 2005.
• Wojnicka E., Rot R, Tamowicz P., Brodzicki T.: Regionalny system innowacyjny w województwie pomorskim. IBnGR, Gdańsk 2001.