The European Union and Ukraine: Postcolonial Approach

• Autorzy: Andrzej Szeptycki

Warianty tytułu

Unia Europejska i Ukraina: podejście postkolonialne

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Ukraine is with no doubt an important partner of the European Union for several reasons. It is the second most populous country in the post-Soviet area and the third most important state in the region in terms of economic potential. It is a direct neighbour of the European Union, as it borders four new member states - Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. Cooperation with Ukraine contributes to the stability in this country and in the whole region of Eastern Europe. It facilitates the economic exchange - import of the Russian gas through Ukraine to the EU and export of the European good and services to the latter country. Last but not least, Ukraine is an important emigration country, which contributes to the supplies to the European labour market. At the same time, the internal situation in Ukraine remains a challenge for the European Union, both because of its political instability, authoritarian tendencies and economic weakness. (fragment of text)

Ukraina jest znaczącym partnerem UE w Europie Wschodniej, jednak 20 lat po rozpadzie ZSRR nie wypracowano efektywnych mechanizmów współpracy - w 2011 r. parafowano umowę stowarzyszeniową, niemniej nie została ona podpisana. Ciekawie ewolucję wzajemnych relacji pozwala zinterpretować postkolonializm, podejście badawcze zajmujące się m.in. podporządkowaniem i zależnością w stosunkach międzynarodowych. Europejska Polityka Sąsiedztwa i Partnerstwo Wschodnie odzwierciedlają przekonanie UE o jej obowiązku "misji cywilizacyjnej" w krajach wschodniego sąsiedztwa, w szczególności na Ukrainie. Umowa stowarzyszeniowa Ukraina-UE ma związać ten kraj z Unią, m.in. poprzez przyjęcie acquis communautaire; utworzenie Pogłębionej i Kompleksowej Strefy Wolnego Handlu ma ułatwić fi rmom z UE prowadzenie biznesu na Ukrainie. UE nie jest natomiast zainteresowana szybkim wprowadzeniem reżimu bezwizowego, bo obawia się napływu taniej siły roboczej z Ukrainy. Kluczowym elementem postkolonialnej polityki UE wobec Ukrainy jest brak perspektywy członkostwa. UE chce, by Ukraina upodobniła się do Unii, przyjmując jej standardy, ale odmawia jej pełnoprawnego uczestnictwa w strukturach UE. Brak perspektywy członkostwa potencjalnie utrudnia proces reform na Ukrainie i zbliżenie z UE. Prezydent Wiktor Juszczenko (2005-2010) deklarował chęć przystąpienia do UE, co było dla tej ostatniej wyzwaniem; nie udało mu się jednak zreformować kraju. Pragmatyczny Wiktor Janukowycz (2010-) mógł być potencjalnie dogodnym partnerem dla UE, tak jak w przeszłości przywódcy z Afryki Północnej i Bliskiego Wschodu; wtrącając do więzienia byłą premier Julię Tymoszenko, utracił jednak tę szansę, zyskując wizerunek typowego postkolonialnego autokraty. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP); Eastern Partnership (EaP); Association Agreement; Economic integration with the EU countries; Postcolonialism

PL

Europejska Polityka Sąsiedztwa; Partnerstwo Wschodnie; Układ o Stowarzyszeniu; Integracja gospodarcza państw z UE; Postkolonializm

• Czasopismo: Stosunki Międzynarodowe
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: 49
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 181--201

Twórcy

autor

Andrzej Szeptycki

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