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2015 | 8 | nr 2 | 115--125
Tytuł artykułu

Gender in the Creation of Intellectual Property of the Selected European Union Countries

Treść / Zawartość
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The growing importance of gender studies in many disciplines is recently presented in the literature. However, there is no research on gender as the extraordinary source of innovation development. Specifically, patent activity is among the important elements determining the involvement of men and women in the innovation process. The article presents the results of studies focused on the patent inventors' role, both women and men, in development activities of entities belonging to the business enterprise sector. The research objectives were: 1) to capture the statistical picture of inventive activity taking gender into account, and 2) to identify the directions and dynamics of change with regard to the proportion of inventors in the EU member states. The main results shows the increasing role of women rather than man as the inventors of patents in the business enterprise sector of the leading EU countries in a long term. (original abstract)
Rocznik
Tom
8
Numer
Strony
115--125
Opis fizyczny
Twórcy
  • Jagiellonian University, Krakow
  • Jagiellonian University, Krakow
  • Jagiellonian University, Krakow
  • Jagiellonian University Krakow, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Chavance, B. (2009), Institutional Economics, London, New York: Routledge.
  • Cohen, W. M., Merrill, S. A. (2003), Patents in the Knowledge-Based Economy, Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.
  • Cohen, W. M., Nelson, R. R., Walsh, J. P. (2002), Links and Impacts: The Influence of Public Research on Industrial R&D, Management Science, Vol. 48, No. 1, January, pp. 1-23.
  • European Commission (2009), Gender Segregation in the Labour Market. Root Causes, Implications and Policy Responses in the EU, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • European Commission (2010), Europe 2020. A Strategy for Smart, Sustainable and Inclusive Growth, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Freedman, D., Pisani, R., and Purves, R. (2007), Statistics, New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
  • Frietsch, R., Haller, I., Funken-Vrohlings, M., Grupp, H. (2009), Gender-specific patterns in patenting and publishing, Research Policy, Vol. 38, pp. 590-599.
  • Frietsch, R., Haller, I., Vrohlings, M., Grupp, H. (2008), Gender-specific patterns in patenting and publishing, Karlsruhe, DE: Fraunhofer ISI discussion papers innovation systems and policy analysis, No. 16.
  • Griliches, Z. (1990), Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: A Survey, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 28, pp. 1661-1707.
  • Guellec, D., van Pottelsberghe, B. (2007), The Economics of the European Patent System, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hunt, J., Garant, J.-Ph., Herman, H., Munroe, D. J. (2013), Why are women underrepresented amongst patentees? Research Policy, Vol. 42, pp. 831-843.
  • Jacobsen, J. P. (2007), Some implications of the feminist project in economics for empirical methodology, In: Drucilla K. Barker, Edith Kuiper (eds.), Towards a Feminist Philosophy of Economics, New York: Routledge, pp. 89-103.
  • Jaffé, D. (2006), Ingenious women, (Aus dem Engl. von Angelika Beck: Geniale Frauen. Beruhmte Erfinderinnen von Melitta Bentz bis Marie Curie). Dusseldorf: Artemis & Winkler.
  • Larivière, V., Ni, Ch., Gingras, Y., Cronin, B., Sugimoto C. R. (2013), Bibliometrics: Global gender disparities in science, Nature, Vol. 504, pp. 211-213.
  • Naldi, F., Luzi, D., Valente A., Parenti, I. V. (2005), Scientific and technological performance by gender, In: Moed, H.F., Glanzel, W., Schmoch, U. (eds.), Handbook of Quantitative Science and Technology Research. The Use of Publication and Patent, Berlin: Springer Science, pp. 299-314.
  • OECD (2009), OECD Patent Statistics Manual, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.
  • OECD (2012), Gender Equality in Education, Employment and Entrepreneur ship: Final Report to the MCM2012, http://www.oecd.org/employment/50423364.pdf (2.05.2015).
  • Pavitt, K. (1984), Sectoral Patterns of Technical Change: Towards a Taxonomy and a Theory, Research Policy, No. 13 (6), pp. 343-373.
  • Schmoch, U. (2008), Concept of a Technology Classification for Country Comparisons. Final Report to the World Intellectual Property Organisation, Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research.
  • Schmoch, U. (1993), Tracing the Knowledge Transfer from Science to Technology as Reflected in Patent Indicators, Scientometrics, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 193-211.
  • Schmoch, U. (1997), Indicators and the Relations between Science and Technology, Scientometrics, Vol. 38 (1), pp. 103-116.
  • Schmoch, U. (1999), Impact of International Patent Applications on Patent Indicators, Research Evaluation, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 119-131.
  • SIT (2011), Systematic Inventive Thinking, available online at http://www.sitsite.com/, referred on 19/02/2014.
  • Vinnova (2011), Innovation&Gender, Vasteras, SE: EditaVastara Aros AB.
  • Whittington, K. B., Smith-Doerr, L. (2005), Gender and Commercial Science: Women's Patenting in the Life Sciences, Journal of Technology Transfer, Vol. 30, Issue 4, pp. 355-370.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171391825

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