Strategie morskie Indii, Chin i USA w regionie Oceanu Indyjskiego : analiza w kategoriach realizmu ofensywnego

• Autorzy: Jakub Zajączkowski

Warianty tytułu

Maritime strategies of India, China and the United States in the Indian Ocean region : an analysis based on offesive realism

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Celem artykułu jest analiza zbrojeń morskich w regionie Oceanu Indyjskiego. Objaśnienie i zrozumienie tego przedmiotu wymaga zbadania w pierwszej kolejności deklarowanych oraz realizowanych na tym obszarze strategii morskich Indii, Chin i Stanów Zjednoczonych. Teoretycznym narzędziem zastosowanym w tym studium przypadku jest realizm ofensywny, który stanowi jedną z najlepiej zidentyfikowanych i ustrukturalizowanych wersji teorii realizmu. O wyborze takiego narzędzia badawczego przesądzają jego założenia z zakresu ontologii i epistemologii. Podkreśla się w nich znaczenie aktywnych strategii międzynarodowych, podejmowanych przez państwa w anarchicznym środowisku międzynarodowym w celu zwiększenia parametrów potęgi, jako warunku przetrwania i zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa. Artykuł nie służy weryfikacji założeń realizmu ofensywnego poprzez empiryczny test wyprowadzanych z niego hipotez, ale wykorzystanie go jako heurystycznego narzędzia dla zbadania strategii morskich mocarstw w regionie Oceanu Indyjskiego. Mając powyższe na uwadze, przyjęto następującą strukturę artykułu. W pierwszej części przedstawiono ogólne założenia metodologiczno-analityczne. W drugiej części omówiono jako studium przypadku - wraz z uzasadnieniem wyboru - region Oceanu Indyjskiego. W trzeciej części przedstawiono analizę aktywności trzech mocarstw na tym obszarze: Indii, Chin i USA, w kategoriach istotnych zmiennych, odnoszących się do czynników materialnych i niematerialnych. W podsumowaniu artykułu zawarto wnioski w formie odpowiedzi na postawione pytania badawcze. (abstrakt oryginalny)

EN

The aim of this article is to analyse the development of naval capabilities in the Indian Ocean region. In order to explain and understand this issue we first have to examine the maritime strategies declared and implemented in this area by India, China and the United States. The theoretical instrument used in this case study is offensive realism, which is one of the best defined and structured versions of the theory of realism. The choice of this instrument is determined by its ontological and epistemological principles, which emphasise the significance of active international strategies that states undertake in the anarchic international environment in order to improve their parameters of power as the condition of survival and ensuring security. It is not the purpose of this article to verify the principles of offensive realism by empirically testing the hypotheses inferred from it. It is instead to be used as a heuristic instrument for examining the maritime strategies of major actors in the Indian Ocean region. With the above in mind, the article has been designed as follows. The first part presents the general methodological principle of the analysis. The second part discusses the Indian Ocean region in form of a case study and justifies the choice of this specific area as the subject of the study. The third part analyses the activity of India, China and the United States in the region in terms of important variables concerning material and non-material factors. The last part of the article is a summary and contains the conclusions presented in the form of answers to the research questions at the source of this analysis. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Flota morska; Polityka morska; Marynarka wojenna; Wojsko

EN

Marine fleet; Maritime policy; Navy; Army

• Czasopismo: Stosunki Międzynarodowe
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: 51
• Numer: nr 2
• Strony: 37--70

Twórcy

autor

Jakub Zajączkowski

• Uniwersytet Warszawski

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.7366/020909612201502