Międzynarodowa migracja siły roboczej w EWG

• Autorzy: Paweł Brzeziński

Warianty tytułu

International Migration of Labour in the EEC

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Artykuł niniejszy za cel stawia sobie wskazanie podstawowych efektów ekonomicznych międzynarodowej migracji siły roboczej w krajach członkowskich Europejskiej Wspólnoty Gospodarczej. Na wstępie zarysowane zostaną tendencje kształtowania się strumieni migracyjnych na tym obszarze, następnie efekty ekonomiczne międzynarodowej migracji siły roboczej osobno dla krajów imigracyjnych i emigracyjnych. (fragment tekstu)

EN

The paper presents the basic reasons and economic effects of international migration of labour in the EEC. FRG and France were the main immigration countries of the Community, Great Britain and Belgium to a smaller extent. Italy was the most important emigration state within the EEC, emigration played a significant role in the labour market of Ireland and Greece. Turkey, Portugal and Spain were among the most important non-member countries. Shortage of labour in soma EEC countries and its surplus in others were the main reasons of immigration phenomena. Institutional regulations provided by the Rome Treaty and bilateral agreements were a fostering factor too. Economic effects were considered separately for immigration countries and for emigration countries. Empirical analysis shows that until mid seventies there appeared short-term and long-term advantages for immigration countries. Labour import enabled increase in production, prevented growth of manufacturing costs, stimulated rise in accumulation of capital, social productivity of labour and minimization of unfavourable effects of business fluctuations. With the recession of 1974-75 and increase in unemployment in the immigration countries, complex character of immigration - now transformed influenced the rise in general social costs and negative affects of labour immigration prevailed. Labour emigration created potential possibilities of accelerating economic growth in the labour exporting countries. Unfavourable structure of emigration where qualified labour prevailed, caused deepening of the problems of the labour market. Emigrants financial transfers were not used for financing productive investments. In most cases they increased demand for consumption and imports. They constituted however a significant component of balances of payment of emigration countries, but this not always had a positive influence on competitiveness of export. Analysis proves the lack of coherent economic policy towards Migration of labour, non utilization of potential development opportunities connected with it and in conclusion i a negative Influence of labour emigration on the economic growth of the emigration countries. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Mobilność siły roboczej; Siła robocza; Migracja zawodowa; Migracja zarobkowa; Imigracja zarobkowa; Emigracja zarobkowa; Ekonomiczne aspekty migracji; Międzynarodowy rynek pracy

EN

Labour force mobility; Labour force; Occupational migration; Economic migration; Economic immigration; Economic emigration; Economic aspects of migration; International labour market

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe. Seria 1 / Akademia Ekonomiczna w Poznaniu
• Rocznik: 1988
• Numer: nr 161 Studia nad strukturą współczesnej gospodarki kapitalistycznej
• Strony: 68--82

Twórcy

autor

Paweł Brzeziński

Bibliografia

• Beschaftigung und Arbeitslosigheit, Eurostat, Luksemburg Eurostat Review 1970-1973, Luksemburg 1980.
• Eurostat, OECD, Labour Force Statistics 1970-81.
• G. Gallais-Hamonno, The Direct Short-Term Effects and Advantages of the Migration of Manpower and Capital, w: F. Bourguignon, G. Gallais-Hamonno, B. Fernet, International Labour Migrations and Economic Choice: the European Case, Paris 1977.
• H. Askari, The Contribution of Migration to Economic Growth in the EEC, Economia Internazionale, Vol. 27, 1974.
• J. Rymarczyk, Migracja siły roboczej do krajów EWG i jej konsekwencje społeczno-gospodarcze, Wrocław 1982.
• K. Jones, A.D. Smith, The Economic Impact of Commonwealth Immigration CUP 1970.
• M.M. Macmillan, Foreign Labour in Western Europe, w: R. Mayne, Western Europe: A Handbook to the Modern World, London 1985.
• M.M. Macmillen, The Economic Effects of International Migration, Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 20, 1982.
• O. Mariesse. L'Evaluation de Capital Fixe Productiff, Coll. INSEE, 1972.
• Obscij rynok w cifrach (1958-74), Mirowaja Ekonomika i Mieżdunarodnyje Otnaszenija, 1975 nr 1. OECD, Economic Survey: Greece, 1978.
• OECD, Economic Survey: Spain, 1981.
• OECD, Economic Survey: Turkey, 1976.
• OECD, Economic Survey: Yugoslavia, 1978.
• OECD, OECD and the International Migrations, Paris 1975.
• OECD, The Migratory Chain, Paris 1978.
• R. Branier, G. Marciano, The Earnings of Immigrant Workers in France International Labour Review, Vol. 111, 1975.
• S. Paine, Exporting Workers: The Tuskish Case, CUP 1974.
• T. Bain, A. Panga, Foreign Workers and the Intra-Industry Wage Structure in West Germany, Kyklos, Vol. 25, 1972.