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2017 | R. 21, nr 4, t. 2 Security and International Relations in the North | 117--132
Tytuł artykułu

Security of Northern European States : Status Quo or New Architecture?

Autorzy
Treść / Zawartość
Warianty tytułu
Bezpieczeństwo państw Europy Północnej : status quo czy nowa architektura?
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The Nordic countries are not uniform in terms of membership of the European and global security systems, and therefore the guarantees of their security are different. The purpose of the following article is the analysis of the most important conditions and priorities of the security policy in Northern European states on the background of the ongoing transformation of European security. The article also aims to answer the question: what is the influence of such situation on their national security strategies? Theoretically, the article addresses the problem of small states in the international system. The thorough analysis of documents, reports and systems shows that despite their clear rapprochement in terms of common concern about the regional security, and also changes in the regional and global security, the Nordic countries' national interests concerning the security guarantee remain unchanged. In order to prove the statement the author has arbitrarily selected the issues and materials. The article is based on literature in the English language. (original abstract)
Państwa regionu nordyckiego nie są jednolite pod względem przynależności do europejskiego i światowego systemu bezpieczeństwa, a co za tym idzie gwarancje ich bezpieczeństwa są różne. Celem artykułu jest analiza najważniejszych uwarunkowań i założeń polityki bezpieczeństwa państw Europy Północnej na tle dokonujących się przeobrażeń w środowisku bezpieczeństwa europejskiego i odpowiedź na pytanie: jak wpłynęły one na ich narodowe strategie bezpieczeństwa? W ujęciu teoretycznym, artykuł dotyczy kwestii małych państw w systemie międzynarodowym. Dokonana analiza treści dokumentów, raportów i systemowa, pozwala stwierdzić, iż pomimo wyraźnego zbliżenia państw nordyckich w zakresie wspólnej troski o bezpieczeństwo regionu, a nadto zmian w regionalnym i globalnym środowisku bezpieczeństwa, ich narodowe interesy dotyczące gwarancji bezpieczeństwa, pozostają bez zmian. W celu dowiedzenia twierdzenia konieczne było przeprowadzenie selekcji zagadnień i materiałów. Autorka dokonała tego arbitralnie. Artykuł oparto na piśmiennictwie anglojęzycznym. (abstrakt oryginalny)
Twórcy
  • Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Bailes A. J.K., K. b. Ólafsson, Developments in Icelandic Security Policy, "The Icelandic Review of Politics and Administration Stjórnmal og stjórnsysla", VOL 10, NO 2 (2014).
  • 2. Between Reassurance and Reengagement?, Speech by Prime Minister Erna Solberg at the Munich Security Conference in Germany, 13 February 2016.
  • 3. Capable Force Strategic Concept for the Norwegian Armed Forces, Norwegian Ministry of Defence, Oslo, 13 November 2009.
  • 4. Committee for the development of a National Security Policy for Iceland; Brottfor vamarlidsins - ^róun varnarmala Iceland National Security in the Post-IDF Era National Museum, 6 October 2016 Keynote Address by H.E. Lilja Alfreósdóttir, Minister for Foreign Affairs.
  • 5. Czarny R.M., Szwecja w Unii Europejskiej. Studium polityczno - prawne, WSU, Kielce 2002.
  • 6. Czarny R.M., Teoretyczne i praktyczne aspekty neutralności Szwecji, "Sprawy Międzynarodowe" nr 10/ 1998.
  • 7. Danish Diplomacy and Defence in Times of Change, A Review of Denmark's Foreign and Security Policy, May 2016.
  • 8. Defence Expenditures of NATO Countries (2009-2016), 4 July 2016 COMMUNIQUE PR/CP(2016)116.
  • 9. Department Of The Navy Fiscal Year (FY) 2017 Budget Estimates FY 2017 Program, Military Construction Active Force (MCON) And Family Housing Programs Justification Data As Submitted To Congress February 2016; Department Of The Navy FY 2017 Military Construction Program European Reassurance Initiative (ERI), Index of Locations for Navy and Marine Corps Projects.
  • 10. Etzold T., Ch. Opitz, Between Military Non-Alignment and Integration Finland and Sweden in Search of a New Security Strategy, SWP Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs, April 2015.
  • 11. Finns ' Opinios On Foreign And Security Policy, National Defence And Security, Bulletins And Reports, The Advisory Board For Defence Information, December, 2016.
  • 12. Global security challenges in Norway's foreign policy Terrorism, organised crime, piracy and cyber threats. Meld. St. 37 (2014-2015) Report to the Storting (white paper) Summary. Recommendations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of 19 June 2015, approved by the Council of State on the same day, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2015.
  • 13. Gotkowska J., Szwedzki szpagat. Polityka obronna Szwecji a region Morza Bałtyckiego, "Punkt Widzenia" Ośrodek Studiów Wschodnich No 33/2013.
  • 14. Government's Defence Report, Prime Minister's Office Publications 7/2017, Helsinki 2017.
  • 15. Graeger N., From "forces for good" to "forces for status "? Small state military status seeking, [in]: Small State Status Seeking: Norway's Quest for International Standing, B. Carvalho, I.B Neumann (ed.), Routledge Taylor&Francis Group, London-New York 2015.
  • 16. Green M., Putin: Trump appeared to agree Moscow did not interfere in election, CNN politics, 08 July 2017.
  • 17. Gryz J., Szwedzka polityka neutralności, Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej. Departament Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego, Adam Marszałek, Warszawa- Toruń 1996.
  • 18. Gunnarsson G., Icelandic Security Policy: Context and Trends, "Cooperation and Conflict", XVII , 1982. Harress Ch., Neutral Finland, Russia's Neighbor, Reserves Right To Join NATO As New Government Takes Power, 26.05.2015, [online:] http://www.ibtimes.com/neutral-finland-russias-neighbor-reserves-right-join-nato-new-govemment-takes-power-1937822 (01.09.2017).
  • 19. Hilson M., The Nordic Model: Scandinavia since 1945, Reaktion Books Ltd. London 2008.
  • 20. Jakobson M., Finland in the New Europe, Praeger Frederick 1998.
  • 21. Jokela J., Europeanisation and Foreign Policy: State Identity in Finland and Britain, Routledge 2011.
  • 22. Kirby D. G., Finland in the Twentieth Century: A History and an Interpretation, University of Minnesota Press Minneapolis 1979
  • 23. Koivisto M., Witness to History. The Memoirs of Mauno Koivisto. President of Finland 1982- 1994, Hurst & Co London 1997.
  • 24. Kubiak K., Dania wobec arktycznych wyzwań, "Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego" 2014, vol. 8, No 1.
  • 25. Kubiak K., Nordyckie złudzenia, "Geopolityka" Nr 3(39)/ 2015.
  • 26. Michel L. G., Finland, Sweden, and NATO: From "Virtual" to Formal Allies?, Strategic Forum National Defense University, Institute for National Strategic Studies, February 2011.
  • 27. Military Spending in Europe In The Wake Of The Ukraine Crisis, SIPRI 13 April 2015.
  • 28. Military expenditure (% of GDP). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Yearbook: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security.
  • 29. New white paper on Norwegian foreign and security policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 08.02.2016.
  • 30. New Year Speech by President of the Republic Sauli Niinisto, 1 Jan 2016, [online:] www.presidentti.fi/public/default.aspx?contentid=339663&nodeid=44810&cont entlan=2&culture= en-US (04.12.2016).
  • 31. Norway willing to shoulder its share of responsibility for security in Europe, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 21.04.2017.
  • 32. No talks on permanent stationing in Keflavik, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Iceland, 10.02.2016.
  • 33. Parliamentary Resolution on a National Security Policy for Iceland. 145th legislative session 2015-2016. Parliamentary document 1166 - Case no. 327. no. 26/145. Approved by the Parliament of Iceland on 13 April 2016.
  • 34. Regional security challenges discussed by the Nordic Defence Ministers meeting in Copenhagen, 30-31 March 2016.
  • 35. Review on Finland's security cooperation, Ministry For Foreign Affairs Of Finland, 2016; Government Report on Finnish Foreign and Security Policy, Prime Minister's Office Publications 9/2016.
  • 36. Speech by Minister for Foreign Affairs Margot Wallstrom at the Folk och Forsvar Annual National Conference, 13 January 2016.
  • 37. Statement of Government Policy in the Parliamentary Debate on Foreign Affairs, Wednesday, 24 February 2016 Presented by Margot Wallstrom, Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Parliamentary Debate on Foreign Affairs, Wednesday, 24 February 2016.
  • 38. Sweden's Defence Policy 2016 to 2020, 01.06.2015.
  • 39. The European Security Development and Finnish Defence, Report by the Council of State to Parliament, 17 March 1997.
  • 40. The future course of Norwegian foreign and security policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Defence, 21.04.2017.
  • 41. The Finnish Defence Forces Annual Report 2014.
  • 42. The Military Doctrine Of Finland, Statement by the Chief of the General Headquarters of the Finnish Defence Forces, Vice Admiral Jan Klenberg Seminar on Military Doctrine 17 January 1990.
  • 43. "The Race for the North Pole" Icelandic and Nordic security policy in transition. Delivered on 29 August 2007 Ingibjorg Sólrun Gisladóttir, Foreign Minister.
  • 44. Zięba R., Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe po zimnej wojnie, Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne, Warszawa 2008.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikatory
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171510567

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