Contemporary Political and R&D Determinants of the Level of the United States Defence Spending

• Autorzy: Grzegorz Kozłowski

Warianty tytułu

Współczesne uwarunkowania polityczne oraz badawczo- - rozwojowe dla poziomu wydatków obronnych Stanów Zjednoczonych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the publication was to analyse political and research and development conditions for the level of defense spending in the USA. They are of key importance for shaping the Pentagon military budget in conditions in which it seems very difficult to grasp the state of threats to which an 'adequate' level of financing would be an answer. The debate on the level of defense expenditures required to ensure the security of the state is everlasting. There are two decisive elements for determining defense expenditures. First, political circumstances, both of internal ones (the Republicans are more inclined to spend more on defense than the Democrats) and external ones (using military capabilities to keep hegemonistic position of the United States, including vis-à-vis allies and adversaries); second, research and development circumstances aimed at ensuring technological supremacy of the United States in the world and having positive implications for military and civilian sectors. (original abstract)

Celem publikacji była analiza uwarunkowań politycznych oraz badawczo-rozwojowych dla poziomu wydatków obronnych w USA. Mają one kluczowe znaczenie dla kształtowania budżetu wojskowego Pentagonu w warunkach, w których uchwycenie stanu zagrożeń, na które odpowiedzią byłby "adekwatny" poziom finansowania, wydaje się bardzo trudne. Debata nad poziomem wydatków obronnych niezbędnych do zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa państwa ma trwały charakter. Kluczowe znaczenie dla określenia wydatków obronnych mają dwa elementy. Po pierwsze, uwarunkowania polityczne o charakterze wewnętrznym (republikanie są bardziej skłonni do wydatkowania większej ilości środków niż demokraci) oraz zewnętrznym (wykorzystywania potencjału militarnego dla utrzymywania hegemonistycznej pozycji Stanów Zjednoczonych wobec sojuszników, jak i adwersarzy); po drugie, uwarunkowania badawczo-rozwojowe, ukierunkowane na zachowanie supremacji technologicznej USA na świecie oraz mające korzystne implikacje dla rozwoju innowacyjności, zarówno w sektorze obronnym, jak też cywilnym. (abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Defences; Military budget; Public expenditures; Military expenditures; Research & Development (R+D)

PL

Obronność; Budżet obronny; Wydatki publiczne; Wydatki wojskowe; Badania i rozwój (B+R)

• Czasopismo: Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna
• Rocznik: 2019
• Numer: nr 3 (66)
• Strony: 62--84

Twórcy

autor

Grzegorz Kozłowski

• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26399/meip.3(66).2019.28/g.kozlowski