Covid-19 Pandemic in Italy: Pros and Cons

• Autorzy: Nicola Magnavita , Angelo Sacco , Francesco Chirico
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy was one of the worst-affected European countries. The rapid surge of cases and the limited capacity of intensive care unit departments have posed a serious threat to the Italian national health system. In this paper we describe the first response and the main measures carried by Italian policy makers, as coordinated by a governmental committee of public health experts, which have succeeded in preventing the pandemic from turning into a disaster. Early closure of the school, quarantine measures and lockdown were put in place and the response of the population has been good overall. Despite the Italian health care system of universal coverage is considered the second-best in the world, during phase 1, the Italian decentralisation and fragmentation of health services probably restricted timely interventions and effectiveness. In northern Italy, Lombardy, Emilia Romagna, Piedmont, and Veneto, which reported most of the Italian cases, carried out different strategies against COVID-19, with great differences in testing, quarantine, and public health procedures. The improvement of the epidemiological situation has allowed an easing of the restrictive measures, with a progressive restarting of work activities. The government and technical-scientific bodies have prepared health strategies to support a possible second epidemic wave in the autumn. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

COVID-19; Health care policy; Public health; Public policy; Pandemic

PL

COVID-19; Polityka zdrowotna; Zdrowie publiczne; Polityka publiczna; Pandemia

• Czasopismo: Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: 18
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 32--35

Twórcy

autor

Nicola Magnavita

• Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy

autor

Angelo Sacco

• Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Local Sanitary Unit Roma 2, Rome, Italy

autor

Francesco Chirico

• Post-graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Italian State Police, Milan, Italy

Bibliografia

• GIMBE Foundation. Pandemia Coronavirus. 06/05/2020. https://coronavirus.gimbe.org/emergenza-coronavirus-italia.it-IT.html(accessed 07.05.2020).
• Saglietto A., D'Ascenzo F., Zoccai G.B., De Ferrari G.M.. COVID-19 in Europe: the Italian lesson. "The Lancet" 2020; 395 (10230): 1110-1111. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30690-5
• Myers E. Italy: Ranked Second Best Health System in the World 2009; 17(9). http://preserve.lehigh.edu/cas-lehighreview-vol-17/9.
• Grasselli G., Pesenti A., Cecconi M. Critical care utilization for the COVID-19 outbreak in Lombardy, Italy: early experience and forecast during an emergency response. "JAMA" 2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4031 [Epub ahead of print].
• Repubblica Italiana. La Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana, 2020 https://www.senato.it/application/xmanager/projects/leg18/file/repository/relazioni/libreria/novita/XVII/COST_INGLESE.pdf(accessed 06.05.2020).
• Ministero dell'Interno: Monitoraggio dei servizi di controllo inerente le misure urgenti per il contenimento della diffusione del virus COVID19. REPORT: Controlli settimanali (25 aprile - 1 maggio 2020), 2020 https://www.interno.gov.it/sites/default/files/modulistica/report_controlli_settimanali_25_aprile_1_maggio.pdf (accessed 06.05.2020).
• Armocida B., Formenti B,. Ussai S., Palestra F., Missoni E. The Italian health system and the COVID-19 challenge. "Lancet Public Health" 2020 Mar 25. pii:S2468-2667(20)30074-8. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30074-8.
• Spinazzè A., Cattaneo A., Cavallo D.M. COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: protecting worker health and the response of the Italian Industrial Hygienists Association. "Annals of Work Exposure and Health" 2020 Apr 16. pii: wxaa044. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa044. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 32298415.
• Ministry of Health, Italy. INAIL. Covid-19, per i contagi sul lavoro garantite le stesse prestazioni degli infortuni. Circolare Inail n. 13 del 3 aprile 2020. https://www.inail.it/cs/internet/comunicazione/sala-stampa/comunicati-stampa/com-stampa-circolare-3-aprile-contagi-covid-19-2020.html (accessed 25.04.20).
• Chirico F., Magnavita N.COVID-19 infection in Italy: an occupational injury. South African Medical Journal. Published online May 2020. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i6.14855.
• Istituto Nazionale per le Assicurazioni contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro. INAIL. Scheda tecnica. I primi dati sulle denunce da Covid-19 (monitoraggio al 21 aprile 2020), 2020, https://www.inail.it/cs/internet/comunicazione/news-ed-eventi/news/news-denunce-contagi-covid-aprile-2020.html (accessed 07.05.2020).
• Istituto Superiore di Sanità. Epidemia COVID-19. Survey nazionale sul contagio COVID-19 nelle strutture residenziali e sociosanitarie. Secondo report; aggiornamento del 6 aprile 2020. ISS, 2020b https://www.epicentro.iss.it/coronavirus/pdf/sars-cov-2-survey-rsa-rapporto-2.pdf (accessed 07.05.2020).
• Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri "Fase 2" -Domande frequenti sulle misure adottate dal Governo, 2020 http://www.governo.it/it/faq-fasedue (accessed 07.05.2020).
• Ministero della Salute. Covid 19: situazione in Italia, 2020, http://www.salute.gov.it/portale/nuovocoronavirus/dettaglioContenutiNuovoCoronavirus.jsp?lingua=italiano&id=5351&area=nuovoCoronavirus&menu=vuoto (accessed 07.05.2020).
• Il Sole 24 Ore. Coronavirus. Available at: https://lab24.ilsole24ore.com/coronavirus/?utm_source=fasciahp
• Peto J., Alwan N.A., Godfrey K.M., Burgess R.A., Hunter D.J., Riboli E., Romer P. 27 signatories. Universal weekly testing as the UK COVID-19 lockdown exit strategy. "Lancet" 2020 May 2; 395 (10234): 1420-1421. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30936-3.
• Black J.R.M., Bailey C., Przewrocka J., Dijkstra K.K., Swanton C. COVID-19: the case for health-care worker screening to prevent hospital transmission. "Lancet" 2020 May 2; 395 (10234): 1418-1420. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30917-X. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
• Chirico F., Nucera G., Magnavita N. COVID-19: Protecting Healthcare Workers is a priority. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2020 Apr 17: 1. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.148.
• Klompas M. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Protecting Hospitals From the Invisible. "Annals of Internal Medicine" 2020 Mar 11. doi: 10.7326/M20-0751.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4467/20842627OZ.20.002.12656