Bezrobocie i polityka zatrudnienia w Europie

• Autorzy: Tomasz Budnikowski

Warianty tytułu

Unemployment and Employment Policy in Europe

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Bezrobocie to jedno z najważniejszych wyznań, wobec którego stają społeczeństwa półkuli północnej. Wbrew prognozom sformułowanym w raporcie Międzynarodowej Organizacji Pracy za lata 1996/1997 następny okres przyniósł pogorszenie w sferze zatrudnienia. W artykule omówiono wielkość i strukturę bezrobocia w krajach OECD. Przeanalizowano czynniki kształtujące wielkość bezrobocia takie jak: wysokość i struktura płac oraz sposób ich ustalania, elastyczność zatrudnienia, system zabezpieczenia na wypadek bezrobocia.

EN

Unemployment poses one of the most important challenges faced by the society in the northern hemisphere. Contrary to forecasts formed in the ILO report for the years 1996-1997, the next period brought forth worsening of the situation in the employment sphere. According to the ILO estimates, almost a milliard people in the world is jobless or forced to perform part-time work. To a great extent, unemployment poses a problem to European countries. Having in mind the reliability of the international comparisons in this area, appliance of the uniformed unemployment definition is necessary. The XIII international conference on labour statistics, adopted the resolution on statistics of economically active population, employment and unemployment. According to this resolution, the unemployed are persons without a job, seeking employment and at the same time maintaining contacts with labour offices. While the fact whether a given person is currently employed or self-employed is relatively easy to confirm, the definite confirmation of an unemployed person actual interest in taking legal employment or his or her continuing contact with a labour office is rather difficult. Despite attempts at harmonization of the methods applied to unemployment calculation in particular countries, some methodological differences are still remaining. The analysis on the phenomenon carried out by the Author indicates that there is no unambiguous method of combating unemployment. The labour market analysts more and more often refer to the example of Denmark, that relatively best copes with unemployment. It carries out the policy combining highly liberalised labour market and relatively well organized social security system, in which the stress is put on individualised treatment of a person deprived of a job. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Bezrobocie; Struktura bezrobocia; Polityka zatrudnienia

EN

Unemployment; Structure of unemployment; Employment policy

• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe / Szkoła Główna Handlowa. Kolegium Gospodarki Światowej
• Rocznik: 2004
• Numer: nr 15
• Strony: 82--97

Twórcy

autor

Tomasz Budnikowski

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