Nierówności społeczne w stanie zdrowia w Polsce - analiza na podstawie samooceny stanu zdrowia oraz poziomu wykształcenia

• Autorzy: Wiktoria Wróblewska

Warianty tytułu

Social inequalities in health in Poland - a study of health self-assessment and level of education

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

Celem pracy jest analiza nierówności w stanie zdrowia w Polsce, które mogą być determinowane czynnikami społecznymi. Pytanie, czy i w jakim zakresie pozycja społeczna może wpływać na różnice w stanie zdrowia jest interesującym zagadnieniem, które jest jeszcze mała rozpoznane w polskim piśmiennictwie. Jako wskaźnik stanu zdrowia wykorzystano miarę subiektywną w postaci samooceny stanu zdrowia, a jako zmienną określającą status społeczny - uzyskany poziom wykształcenia. Prezentowane analizy zostały oparte na wynikach dwóch badań stanu zdrowia zrealizowanych przez GUS w latach 1996 oraz 2004 i odnoszą się do populacji mężczyzn i kobiet w wieku 25-69 lat. W pracy wyznaczono standaryzowane wiekiem współczynniki koncentracji zdrowia oraz krzywe koncentracji, a także absolutne i względne indeksy nierówności. W celu oceny względnego wpływu analizowanej zmiennej na poprawę stanu zdrowia ludności w Polsce obliczano także wskaźnik ryzyka populacyjnego. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają występowanie edukacyjnych nierówności w stanie zdrowia w Polsce widocznych w koncentracji negatywnych ocen stanu zdrowia wśród osób o niższym poziomie wykształcenia, a pozytywnych wśród osób z wykształceniem wyższym. Różnice dla płci pozwalają na stwierdzenie, że osiągnięty poziom wykształcenia może bardziej rzutować na nierówności w ocenach stanu zdrowia kobiety niż mężczyźni. Wyniki zachęcają do dalszego wykorzystania zastosowanych miar w analizie nierówności w stanie zdrowia z wykorzystaniem także innych wskaźników stanu zdrowia oraz obserwacji zmian w czasie. (abstrakt oryginalny

EN

The object of this analysis is to study the health inequality in Poland related to socio-economic factors. The question whether and to what extent the socioeconomic position generate the inequalities in health status is an interesting issue that has not received much attention and certainly not in Poland. The current analysis focuses on this topic using the self-rated health (SRH) as health indicator and level on education as a variable describing the social status. We use data from the Health Surveys that were conducted in Poland in 1996 and 2004. The analysis investigates men and women aged 25-69. Age-standardized health concentration index, concentration curve, absolute and relative index of inequality are calculated for education and health status. Additionally, we calculated population attributable risk indicator in order to asses relative contribution of the analyzed factor to the improvement in health state of the population. The obtained results confirm the occurrence of the educational health inequalities in Poland, consisting in concentration of negative health self-assessment among persons with lower attained education. The results are gender-specific and allow the statement that the level of attained education is more associated with the bigger differences in health status among females rather than males. The results encourage further application of the instrument used for analyzing the health inequality and observation of changes over time. (original abstract)

Słowa kluczowe

PL

Nierówności społeczne; Stan zdrowia ludności; Status społeczny

EN

Social inequality; Health status of the population; Social status

• Czasopismo: Roczniki Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych / Szkoła Główna Handlowa
• Rocznik: 2012
• Numer: nr 28
• Strony: 65--84

Twórcy

autor

Wiktoria Wróblewska

• Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie

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