The Role of Cognitive Effort in Framing Effects

• Autorzy: Krzysztof Przybyszewski , Dorota Rutkowska

Warianty tytułu

Efekt sformułowania a zaangażowanie wysiłku poznawczego

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Framing effects are a common bias in people making risky decisions. The account for this bias is found in the loss aversion derived from Prospect Theory. Most often in the decision making literature this is the effortful processes that are claimed to reduce framing effects in risky choice tasks i.e. investing of mental effort should de-bias the decision makers. However, in goal framing studies, effortful mental processes may produce those effects. In our experiment participants were primed with either effortful or effortless modes of processing before a classical Asian Disease scenario. As hypothesised, framing effects were obtained only through effortful processing. This suggests the effortful and reflective nature of framing effects. (original abstract)

Efekt sformułowania jest czestym błedem popełnianym przez ludzi podejmujacych decyzje ryzykowne. Powodem popełniania tego błedu, według teorii perspektywy, jest awersja do strat. W literaturze dotyczacej podejmowania decyzji zazwyczaj przyjmuje sie, ze wysiłek poznawczy moze zredukowac wystepowanie tego błedu, tj. przy wysokim poziomie zaangazowania wysiłku poznawczego w rozwiazywanie problemu, decydenci nie beda podlegali wpływowi sformułowania scenariusza decyzyjnego (de-biasing) w kategoriach zysku lub straty. Z drugiej strony, w badaniach prowadzonych w paradygmacie sformułowania celów (goal framing) stwierdzono, ze to własnie procesy umysłowe zwiazane z wysokim nakładem wysiłku poznawczego sa odpowiedzialne za powstawanie tego efektu. W prezentowanym badaniu, uczestnicy zostali poddani manipulacji, polegajacej na aktywizowaniu poprzez neutralne zadanie wysiłkowego i bezwysiłkowego trybu przetwarzania informacji, poprzedzajacej klasyczny scenariusz "azjatyckiej choroby". Tak, jak zakładano, efekt sformułowania pojawił sie tylko w grupie badanych przetwarzajacych informacje w sposób wysiłkowy. Wynik ten wskazuje na wysiłkowy i refleksyjny charakter efektu sformułowania.(abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Information processing; Decision making; Spillover effects; Cognitive processes; Framing effects

PL

Przetwarzanie informacji; Podejmowanie decyzji; Efekty zewnętrzne; Procesy poznawcze; Efekt sformułowania

• Czasopismo: Roczniki Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych / Szkoła Główna Handlowa
• Rocznik: 2013
• Numer: nr 32 Mechanism design and related topics
• Strony: 107--119

Twórcy

autor

Krzysztof Przybyszewski

• Kozminski University, Warsaw, Poland

autor

Dorota Rutkowska

• University of Warsaw, Poland

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