Mortality and Health Spending During the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Comparing Central, Eastern and Western Europe

• Autorzy: Agata Kliber , Elżbieta Rychłowska-Musiał

Warianty tytułu

Umieralność i wydatki na ochronę zdrowia w pierwszym roku pandemii COVID-19. Porównanie krajów Europy Środkowej, Wschodniej i Zachodniej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The article shows the relationships between the COVID and non-COVID deaths during the first year of the pandemic, compared with the stringency of restrictions imposed and the compulsory spending on healthcare. We compare these relationships among European countries, analysing weekly data and applying cointegration models. Regarding the pandemic's intensity, we split the period into two: March - August 2020 and September 2020 - February 2021. We find that, most often, if there was a relationship between the stringency index and COVID or non-COVID mortality, it was usually positive and mortality driven. That suggests that although the governments tailored the restrictions to the growing mortality rate, they were unable to control the pandemic. No relationships, or negative ones, were most often found in these countries where the spending on healthcare was the highest (i.e., Northern and Western European countries). The biggest weekly changes in non-COVID deaths during the second sub-period were observed in the Central and Eastern European countries, where government healthcare expenditures per capita are the lowest.(original abstract)

W artykule przedstawiono zależności między liczbą zgonów zakwalifikowanych jako zgony z powodu COVID-19 oraz liczbą zgonów z innych przyczyn w pierwszym roku pandemii, w zestawieniu z surowością wprowadzonych ograniczeń i obowiązkowymi wydatkami na opiekę zdrowotną w większości krajów europejskich. Analizujemy dane tygodniowe i stosujemy modele kointegracyjne. Z uwagi na intensywność zachorowań w badanych krajach, dzielimy okres na dwie podpróby: marzec - sierpień 2020 oraz wrzesień 2020 - luty 2021. Stwierdzamy, że najczęściej, jeśli występowała zależność między SI a umieralnością z powodu COVID lub nie-COVID, to była ona dodatnia, a zmienną wiodącą była umieralność. Sugeruje to, że chociaż rządy dostosowały ograniczenia do rosnącej liczby zgonów, nie były w stanie opanować pandemii. Brak zależności lub zależności ujemne najczęściej występowały w tych krajach, w których wydatki na opiekę zdrowotną były najwyższe (czyli w krajach Europy Północnej i Zachodniej). Największe tygodniowe zmiany liczby zgonów niezwiązanych z COVID w drugim podokresie obserwowano w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej, gdzie wydatki rządowe na opiekę zdrowotną per capita są najniższe.(abstrakt oryginalny)

Słowa kluczowe

EN

COVID-19; Cointegration; Expenditures on health care; Mortality

PL

COVID-19; Kointegracja; Wydatki na ochronę zdrowia; Umieralność

• Czasopismo: Comparative Economic Research
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: 26
• Numer: nr 1
• Strony: 65--88

Twórcy

autor

Agata Kliber

• Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland

autor

Elżbieta Rychłowska-Musiał

• Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poland

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.18778/1508-2008.26.04