Purpose: The goal of the paper is to analyze the concept of environmental sustainability. Design/methodology/approach: Critical literature analysis. Analysis of international literature from main databases and polish literature and legal acts connecting with researched topic. Findings: Environmental sustainability is characterized by an interdisciplinary approach that considers the interconnectedness of environmental, social, and economic systems. It emphasizes long-term thinking, systems thinking, collaboration, policy and governance, education and awareness, economic considerations, and resilience and adaptation. Implementing sustainable business practices offers numerous benefits for organizations. These benefits include environmental conservation, cost savings, enhanced brand reputation, regulatory compliance, innovation and differentiation, employee engagement and retention, and long-term resilience. However, there are also potential disadvantages, such as initial costs, complex implementation, resistance to change, limited availability of sustainable technologies, complexity of measurement and reporting, supply chain challenges, and potential trade-offs. Despite the challenges, the advantages of implementing sustainable environmental business practices outweigh the drawbacks. The benefits include improved profitability, market competitiveness, customer loyalty, risk mitigation, and long-term business viability. By properly planning, managing change, and continuously improving, organizations can successfully navigate the challenges and reap the rewards of sustainable environmental practices. Originality/value: Detailed analysis of all subjects related to the problems connected with the environmental sustainability in business. (original abstract)